cables have always been under consideration by engineers as a structural element. They have a low weight to strength ratio and they are also economic and these features makes them suitable for applications such as suspension bridges and roofs, Power transfer lines and so on. Despite these properties, what makes their analysis difficult is the nonlinear behavior due to geometry and material nonlinearity. In this work, the equilibrium equations for a cable network under distributed loading are derived considering the potential energy of the system and minimizing it using the variational procedure. Along with it the necessary and sufficient conditions for stability of the equilibrium configuration are obtained. Next a numerical procedure called "Dynamic Relaxation", which considers the equilibrium equations as dynamic equations of motion adding the mass and damping term, is used to solve the equations numerically. Several examples using this method are presented.

We review the many causes of motion artifacts in biopotential recording. We moved several electrode materials at several velocities in electrolytes. Artifact voltage ranged from 350 μV at 0.13% NaC1 concentration and 100 mm/s to 10 mV at 1.3% concentration and 25 mm/s. We present a theoretical model in which adsorbed ions attach to the electrode. Ions in the diffusion layer move with the electrolyte. This separation of charge causes the artifact. A second source of motion artifact is cable movement. This causes the polarization potential of the electrodes to have a varying attenuation because the stray capacity of the electrode varies. Experimental and theoretical artifacts ranged from 1 to 100 mV. Artifact is reduced by using electrodes having large area, electrolytes having high concentration, amplifiers having high impedance, and preamplifiers located at the electrodes.

The empirical Power Law model has a long usage history in cable self-damping studies, and several types of research have been done to characterize its parameters for various types of cables. In this work, a novel Bayesian model calibration framework is proposed and applied to study self-damping Optical Ground Wire (OPGW) cables. This technique then combines experimental and statistical approaches to obtain the confidence intervals for each parameter and characterize the different regions where the model presents other behaviors. The results enable a better calibration of the model's parameters and agree with the trends already set in the literature. They also provide a new understanding of the model and estimate different uncertainties its application entices.

In continuous systems such as rods, cables, and shafts, the differential equation governing the behaviour of the structure can be obtained by applying Newton's second law. Only a limited group of these equations have an analytic solution,hence the provision of efficient and stable numerical methods is of particular importance. The method used in this study is a nonstandard finite difference (NSFD) scheme, which is an effective numerical method for solving the above-mentioned equations. One of the important features of this method is its relatively high accuracy. Results obtained by nonstandard finite difference methods are more compatible with the exact behaviour of the problem than that of the standard finite difference method. In this research, the equations governing the vibrations of cables with three different boundary conditions are solved. Three solutions including the analytical solution, the standard finite difference method (SFD) and the NSFD method are compared. Results show that the error of the NSFD is significantly less than of the SFD.

Dynamic Analysis of an axially moving cable with time dependent tension and velocity is studied in this paper. Tension force and the moving speed are assumed to be harmonic. It is found that there exists a specific value of speed in which natural frequency of the system approaches zero. This specific speed for such a critical condition is called critical speed and it will be proved that increasing the cable tension increases critical speed of the moving cable. Multiple-Scales perturbation technique is used to discretize the nonlinear equations of motions. Critical speeds are then obtained in which vibrations of motion become unstable. Stability analysis is carried out for different sets of excitation frequency. Dynamic responses of the system are calculated using Galerkin’s method. A comprehensive parametric study is carried out and effects of different parameters like the moving speed and tension force on the responses are studied both in frequency and time domain.